Θετική η Κομισιόν από τη συμφωνία στη Λίμα (ΜΕ ΤΟ ΒΛΕΜΜΑ ΣΤΟ ΠΑΡΙΣΙ ΤΟ 2015)

«Ένα βήμα μπροστά» προς τη σύναψη παγκόσμιου συμφώνου στη διάσκεψη του Παρισιού εκτίμησε ότι έγινε μετά τη διάσκεψη του ΟΗΕ στη Λίμα η Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή.

Η διάσκεψη του Παρισιού είναι προγραμματισμένη για τα τέλος του 2015.
Σε ανακοίνωση που εξέδωσε η Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή αναφέρει ότι η συμφωνία της Λίμα ζητεί από όλες τις χώρες να αναγνωρίσουν τις μελλοντικές τους δεσμεύσεις σχετικά με τη μείωση της έκλυσης αερίων που προκαλούν το φαινόμενο του θερμοκηπίου «με τρόπο σαφή, διαφανή και κατανοητό».

Οι χώρες που διαπραγματεύονταν υπό την αιγίδα του ΟΗΕ με στόχο την σύναψη ενός συμφώνου το 2015 για τον περιορισμό της κλιματικής αλλαγής κατέληξαν σήμερα σε μια συμφωνία για τις μελλοντικές τους δεσμεύσεις σχετικά με τη μείωση της έκλυσης αερίων που προκαλούν το φαινόμενο του θερμοκηπίου, ανακοίνωσε ο Περουβιανός υπουργός Περιβάλλοντος Μανουέλ Πούλγαρ- Βιδάλ.

Έπειτα από μαραθώνιες διαπραγματεύσεις, που διήρκησαν δύο εβδομάδες, το έγγραφο των τεσσάρων σελίδων ζητεί από τις 190 χώρες που συμμετείχαν στη διάσκεψη στη Λίμα να υποβάλουν εθνικά σχέδια για την αντιμετώπιση της κλιματικής αλλαγής στις αρχές του 2015, ώστε να διαμορφωθεί η βάση για μια παγκόσμια συμφωνία στη διάσκεψη του Παρισιού του χρόνου.

Οι δεσμεύσεις των χωρών πρέπει να επιτρέψουν μια παγκόσμια μείωση των αερίων που προκαλούν το φαινόμενο του θερμοκηπίου από 40% ως 70% μέχρι το 2050, κάτι που κρίνεται απολύτως απαραίτητο για να περιοριστεί η αύξηση της θερμοκρασίας του πλανήτη στους 2 βαθμούς Κελσίου. [elzoni.gr]
15/12/14
--
-

• UN chief hails deal on climate change in Lima 

• With rich-poor split, climate talks run into overtime ...

UN chief hails deal on climate change in Lima

UN Secretary-General Ban Ki- moon on Sunday hailed the outcome of the climate conference in Lima, Peru, praising delegates for setting the groundwork for a more conclusive agreement to be reached in 2015.

"The decisions adopted in Lima, including the Lima Call for Climate Action, pave the way for the adoption of a universal and meaningful agreement in 2015," said a statement issued here by Ban 's spokesperson.

The UN chief urged all parties, at their first meeting in February next year, to enter into substantive negotiations on the draft text of the 2015 agreement coming from the Conference.

He applauded delegates for having made "important advances" in clarifying their needs for preparing and presenting their so- called Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) to the new agreement and in "finalizing the institutional architecture for a mechanism on loss and damage."

INDCs are the commitments countries are expected to make in order to keep average global temperature rise below 2o C the internationally-agreed limit aimed at staving off irreversible climate change.

In the statement, the Secretary-General called on all parties, especially the world's major economies, to submit their "ambitious national commitments well in advance of Paris."

"He also looks forward to working with the governments of Peru and France on the new Lima-Paris Action Agenda catalyze action on climate change to further increase ambition before 2020 and to support the 2015 agreement," said the statement.

The annual UN climate talks wrapped up in Lima on Sunday, reaching acceptable but not satisfying result and leaving unresolved issues to climate conference in Paris, in December next year.

In the past two weeks, negotiators from over 190 countries and organizations gathered in the city hosting the 20th session of the Conference of the Parties (COP20) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to negotiate a new agreement addressing climate change, which was planned to be passed at the end of 2015 in Paris and come into force in 2020. 
 Xinhua - china.org.cn
15/12/14
--
-

• With rich-poor split, climate talks run into overtime ...

L'Amérique Latine s'engage à reboiser près de 20 millions d'hectares

Sept pays d'Amérique latine se sont engagés dimanche à reboiser près de 20 millions d'hectares de terres dégradées d'ici 2020, dans le cadre de la conférence de l'ONU sur le climat qui se tient actuellement à Lima.En parallèle à la conférence, les ministres de l'Agriculture et de l'Environnement du Mexique, du Pérou, du Guatemala, de Colombie, d'Équateur, du Chili et du Costa Rica ont présenté un plan de remise en état des terres dans leurs pays respectifs.

Le Mexique a entrepris de restaurer 8,5 millions d'hectares, le Pérou 3,2 millions, le Guatemala 1,2 millions et la Colombie un million.

L'Equateur se propose de reboiser 500. 000 hectares, le Chili 100.000 et le Costa Rica 50.000.

En outre, un plan régional de conservation de la Patagonie permettrait de récupérer 4,1 millions d'hectares de forêts.

On estime qu'en Amérique latine il existe quelque 200 millions d'hectares de terres dégradées, selon le Centre international d'agriculture tropicale, basé en Colombie.

"Au Pérou, nous perdons les forêts à une vitesse impressionnante. Les activités qui accélèrent le plus la déforestation sont l'exploitation minière illégale, le surpaturage et la plantation de coca", a indiqué le ministre de l'Agriculture Juan Manuel Benites.

"Nous devons envisager un reboisement productif et accéder à une agriculture de carbone neutre," a-t-il ajouté.

Le ministre de l'Agriculture argentin Roberto Delgado a également exhorté à mettre un frein à la déforestation. "Outre la récupération des sols, il est très important de cesser de perdre de hectares," a-t-il dit.

Le compromis, nommé Initiative 20x20, bénéficiera d'un soutien de 365 millions de dollars de la part d'investisseurs privés. Il vise à réduire les émissions de gaz à effet de serre générées par la déforestation et les changements dans l'utilisation des terres.

Selon les experts, l'Amérique latine est l'une des régions du monde les plus vulnérables aux changements climatiques.

[ rtl.be]

8/12/14

--

-

Sur le même sujet:

• Brésil : nouvelle accélération de la déforestation de l'Amazonie

• UN climate talks reach deal on cutting greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation.

• Indigenous community clashes with loggers in the Amazon

The annual UN global climate change talks started in the Peruvian capital of Lima

Thousands of representatives from nearly 200 nations gathered at the Peruvian Army Headquarters for the two-week-long negotiations formally known as the COP20, or the 20th session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).

Polish Environment Minister Marcin Korolec, who was COP19/CMP9 President, hailed the 2030 framework agreed by the European Union and the China-U.S. joint announcement for emission cut as some of the major achievements of this year.

Peruvian Environment Minister Manuel Pulgar-Vidal, who was elected at the opening session as COP20/CMP10 president, urged participants to work in a creative way to reach global consensus in the following 12 days and stressed that an inclusive and transparent process was his top priority.

"This conference should lead to a framework on structuring and strengthening financial mechanisms, launch ambitious process to accelerate pre-2020 action, and make progress on intended determined contributions, or INDCS in short," said Pulgar-Vidal, calling for collective action from all parties.

UNFCCC Executive Secretary Christiana Figueres encouraged all actors to broaden scope of actions, and create political parity of adaptation and mitigation.

"This COP must make history," Figueres said, highlighting increased collective capacity of climate action worldwide and urging stronger global moves for a sustainable future.

Rajendra Kumar Pachauri, chair of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), promised to bring everyone down "with the reality of science" after the theatrical show organized by the Peruvian presidency.

The IPCC, UN's science panel, recently presented its synthesis report, which is the fourth and final element of the fifth assessment report on the state of climate change.

Pachauri spelled out the influence of human emissions and their unequivocal impact on the planet, which is underway across all countries and affecting all peoples alike. "It is very likely Arctic sea ice will continue to shrink, sea level will continue to rise, and glacier volume will decrease," he said.

Pachauri expressed his hope that this COP will focus attention on the need to keep a global temperature rise under 2 degrees Celsius and reach a zero emissions world by the end of the century in order to reduce climate change risks.

The UNFCCC 12-day talks took place amid depressing scientific warnings and rising prospects in advancing a draft universal pact with the aim of adopting it at the COP21 in Paris, France at the end of next year. The recent joint announcement made by China and the United States to limit greenhouse gas emissions provided practical and political momentum towards the new global agreement.

About 10,000 delegates, activists, journalists and support crew have been accredited for the conference, with thousands of police providing security.
Xinhua - china.org.cn - http://english.cntv.cn
1-2/12/14

Climate change talks: MEPs chart the course from Lima to Paris

 Talks to be held in Lima next month should enable global partners to reach an ambitious climate agreement in Paris in 2015, so as to keep the world on track for a sub-2°C climate warming scenario, said the Environment Committee in a resolution voted on Wednesday.
 MEPs reiterated the pledge by the EU and its member states to step up contributions to the UN Green Climate Fund so as to mobilise USD 100 billion per year by 2020, and called on other donors to play their part too.

"Our ultimate goal is to put our economies on track for a sub-2°C climate warming scenario. In Lima next month, UNFCCC parties are to work constructively to develop elements of the agreement to be concluded in Paris, and we should play a key role", said Environment Committee chair Giovanni La Via, who will lead a parliamentary delegation to Lima next month.

“Of course we face a political challenge to convince all concerned that moving towards a low-carbon economy is not something punitive, but will instead allow us to create jobs and to develop the technologies and products that the global community will need”, he added.

All countries should contribute, as delaying action will increase costs and reduce options, says the resolution, which was approved by 56 votes to 2 with 9 abstentions. The Lima Conference should also agree on information requirements to ensure that national contributions are quantifiable and comparable, it adds.

Reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 50% by 2050
MEPs see the 1-12 December Lima conference as an opportunity to set key goals ahead of the 2015 international agreement to be discussed in Paris (COP 21) on 30 November- 11 December 2015. This agreement should clearly include steps for mitigation, adaptation and an implementation strategy in to meet the goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by at least 50% by 2050, they say.

EU contribution

MEPs note that by 2012, the EU had cut its greenhouse gas emissions by 19% from 1990 levels, in line with the Kyoto Protocol, while increasing its GDP by more than 45%. It thus almost halved its average emission intensity between 1990 and 2012, and reduced its per capita emissions by 25%.

They also recall the commitment made by the EU and its member states to step up funding for climate measures by capitalising the UN’s Green Climate Fund and jointly mobilise USD 100 billion per year by 2020, as part of their contribution to the December 2009 UN Copenhagen Accord aiming to keep global warming below 2°C. MEPs call on other donors to do likewise, so as to mobilise more funding for climate measures.

Developing countries

MEPs stress that agreements on funding climate measures, technology transfer and capacity building will be essential to help developing countries, which contribute the least to greenhouse gas emissions, but are most vulnerable to their effects, due to their limited capacity to react and adapt.

Air and sea

MEPs reiterate that both the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and in the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), must take steps to achieve satisfactory and timely results in line with the degree and urgency of climate change.
http://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/news-room/content/20141104IPR77230/
5/11/14